Al-Noor Journal for Humanities

Abstract In Gulliver's Travels (1726) Swift presented different kinds of satire. These different kinds of satire divided the critics into groups with different points of view concerning the satirical tendencies in Gulliver's Travels. Swift  concentrates on the inside of things rather than the outside; on actuality rather than illusion . It is important to note that Swift seized all the opportunities so as to direct his severe attack on different aspects of life.    In Gulliver's Travels, there is emphasis laid on man's bad nature and his social role. His recognition of the defects in human nature leads him to depict human nature. Therefore, he presents the Yahoos as an embodiment of all the well-known human vices and follies. So, he ruthlessly satirizes bad elements in man's nature over which man has a full control. He believes that man is capable of keeping them under his control.

Abstract Abstract
This research focuses analytically on the concept of terrorism which became a part of US foreign policy. N.Chomsky, who is the famous linguist appears here as a social justice activist, and sheds light on the oppressive practices, and attitudes of the United States.
The study holds views of terrorism in its three aspects: governmental, state – directed, and state – sponsored one through many examples of Cuba, Lebanon, Palestine, and South America.
In this research, N. Chomsky comments, opposes the current aspects of terrorism, and defends the social rights of people inside and outside America.
The Objective : is to show how much terrorism is dangerous on human societies and how N. Chomsky exposes and condemns certain aspects of terrorism in this world.

Abstract Abstract
The study aims to investigate the socio-cultural rules that govern address usage in daily conversation in Mosuli Arabic within non-familiar context. A socio-pragmatic approach is adopted in this study and by using semi-structured interviews to collect data from 80 participants in English Department, College of Education for Humanities, University of Mosul. The selection of the participants is based on four variables namely: age, gender, educational status and marital status. In this study, two theoretical framework are selected as a model of analysis namely the communication accommodation theory (1987) and the power and solidarity theory of Brown and Gilman (1968). The study finds that the age and appearance are the most effective determiners of address choice in Mosul society. kinship terms are extended to address strangers and they are the best mean in achieving accommodation.

Abstract Abstract
This research is based on revealing the cultural references in the feminist novel through its representation of a specific reality based on aesthetic requirements and gender-specific characteristics that make each narrative novel differs from the others. These references, as textual components, are linked to technical requirements that crystallize the overall narrative novel through sub-structures that control its movement and development. Although there are numerous and different questions of literary criticism, this does not hinder openness to the accumulated studies, since the discourse of the novel is open to further studies, research and approaches. This is due to the expansion of the creative development in this literary genre, which strives to respond to these perspectives through progress and evolution. The references are numerous and varied according to how the novelist employs them. There are religious references, cultural references, historical references and others.

Abstract The foreign place differs from the Arab place by the uniqueness of its environment and privacy socially, culturally and geographically. While some agree on naming it as outside place, its formation and forms in the novels reveal its rarity and presence making it as a focal point place that embraces its architectural, geographical and engineering form. The foreign place is the place that exists in foreign environment and does not resemble or coincide with the Arab place neither urbanly nor socially. It is shaped by the nature of the Western environment and its effects historically, realistically, and even mythically.
We have called it “the other place”, because it is a different place, and perhaps most of the old and modern novels have focused on the Arab place and devoted special attention to it, and although some singled out the other place for reading and criticism, yet it did not rise on an in-depth insight as it will be presented in the novels under study. We found the presence of the Arab character and the extent of its interaction with the other place embodied reference points to some places that have their own specificity in memory (the characters’ memory, which invokes Arab places). Therefore, the other place harmonized with the repercussions of memory, so the place fused the memory into an influential focus, and this is not the uniqueness of the foreign place as it is the environment of the Arab and Western characters alike.

Abstract Surat Al-Baqarah contained spatial polarities that revealed the aesthetics of its formation, and these polarities consist of two opposing pairs, including the specific directions (right-left) and (front-behind). The polarities were manifested through alternating spatial orientations, as the places have specific connotations in the noble Surah. As they multiplied on: (heavens / earth), (East / West), (Safa / Marwa), (Paradise / Hell), and (This world / the Hereafter). While consecutive determinants emerged by forming the binary (darkness / light) and (night / day)