Al-Noor Journal for Humanities

Abstract This critical approach is based on a basic theory that it tries to prove for the tendency to analyze the language of the modern and contemporary Arabic novel, and it is concerned with a knowledge issue that is rooted in the consciousness of novel production and writing. Perhaps what characterizes the nature of this theory is that it is not directly concerned with revealing the first level of language (the formal level) in the realization of the narrative language of the novel, which is established by the linguistic and structuralist schools in discourse analysis, due to the availability of studies that have successfully addressed this level. Because of the availability of studies that have successfully addressed this level, it is concerned with revealing and analyzing that language adjacent to the second level of the language of this discourse, represented by (the visionary level) in the realization of the vision of the narrative world, by revealing the system of conscious cognitive and aesthetic visions that formed the nature of a second language of the novel on the basis that it is a special aesthetic awareness that imposed a certain vision that led to the production of language in its known physical form (narrative - dialogue) and according to a linguistic form. Dialogue) and according to a specific linguistic structure that suits the nature of the novelist's style and writing mechanisms (units/sentences /words /actions/sounds). Just as the novelist expresses and represents his vision of the world through language, writing, with its various components, is what makes this language a fluid thing capable of circulation and influence, and within its expressive capacity, it combines both directions together, loaded within the components of this language where (the formal structure) of the language, with its aesthetic formulation and innovative methods, is matched or complemented by (the visionary structure), with its This is what confirms that the language of the novel is a vast system of things; it includes different aesthetics, visions, and ideologies, and is not just an expressive device cut off from the world, but also artificial visions produced by this world with its own laws and components. This is what distinguishes the theory of the production of the fictional language from other written arts, and thus the idea of this critical approach goes beyond the limits of the aesthetic discourse of the fictional language in order to present different textual levels as a socio-discursive linguistic structure, combining the syntactic and lexical semantics with socio-cultural perceptions in a dialectical and productive conceptualization. Perhaps what concerns the researcher here is that the cultural connotation produced by the sociological reference within the text is of a more substantive than formal nature, and this, in turn, achieves a different semantic dimension for this language that is outwardly disconnected but implicitly connected with the reference of the verbal form at the same time
The narrative language of the novel represents a distinctive element through its ability not only to convey the external image intended to be expressed in writing by the author, but also to convey the meaning of this image and its cognitive and ideological nature. I mean here the shift from modernity to postmodernity - is explicitly shown through verbal experimentation that works to consolidate the characteristics of these shifts at the level of vision and construction at the same time, and here comes the role of language and its relationship to major epistemological issues such as logic, reality, ideology, anthropological institutionalization, the ideology of the text, and the sociology of discourse in general. Perhaps this is what opens the dialogue widely in front of the perceptions of the aesthetic nature of the social language, which (the neighboring language) starts mainly from its concepts, when literary writing becomes a social practice, albeit indirectly, where the written language is transformed from a mere text to being a discourse, and this imposes - practically - a special treatment In order to build relationships between the narrative text and its sociological context and then present this context as a synthesis of social languages, visions and concepts that are continuously adopted in the text in the form of imagined semantic and narrative structures.

Abstract The researcher in the study deals with the collection of short stories (Qarabeen Ershekal) by the storyteller Iman al-Muhammadawi through a critical reading that seeks to reveal the storyteller’s quest to reconstruct the myth according to a new perspective that mixes the real with the imaginary in order to create new beings whose times and spaces intertwine to appear in a new reality from the imagination of the creator who makes reality a myth and the myth a reality. By breaking up the boundaries separating them, bridging the gap between the imaginary and the real, and reuniting their fragments to discover the realistic side in the mythical absolute

Abstract The present research deals with the Arabic deceptive language used by advertisers within a pragmatic framework. It sheds light on the problem related to the tricks used by advertisers to misrepresent their advertisements in an attempt to affect their consumers' perceptions. Thus, it aims to identify the pragmatic traps in Arabic misleading advertisements. The study hypothesizes that advertisers use misleading claims in their advertisements and that different pragmatic traps can be identified in misleading advertisements at the level of all pragmatic theories. It also hypothesizes that all pragmatic theories can be used in identifying the traps that exist in these misleading advertisements. To achieve the aim of the study and to verify its hypotheses, two independent models have been adopted for data analysis. The first one is the "deception by implication" model by Hastak and Mazis (2011) (1); it is concerned with identifying misleading claims. This model has been applied to 400 advertisement claims related to different types of products collected through an observation method from different sources. The second model is an eclectic one; it is concerned with identifying the pragmatic traps in deceptive advertisements under the framework of Searle’s speech act theory (1979) (2), Grice's cooperative principle theory (1975) (3), Leech's politeness theory (1983) (4), presupposition (1996), and deixis. After analyzing the data qualitatively, it is concluded that Arabic advertisements contain a specific type of deceptive advertisements which is misleading advertisements, and these misleading advertisements are presented differently through different strategies by advertisers. It is also concluded that all theories and aspects of pragmatics can account for and identify the pragmatic traps in misleading ads.

Abstract This study analyzes the aspects of pragmatic analysis and discourse analysis of educational post on Instagram, focusing on the comments of this post by examining 3 comments from @jayfujiwara British account, distributed three communicative functions. This study aims to examine communicative functions, the theory of implicature, inference and attitude based on appraisal theory through the branches of attitude, which affect, judgment and appreciation.  The main purpose of this study is to understand the analytical diversities on Instagram for educational posts. Comments are classified as observed adhering to Grice's cooperative principle, and non-observed as flouting Grice's maxims, in addition to distinguishing between negative and positive comments according to their attitude, presenting different viewpoints and how users can interact. The results suggested that there are important differences among British commenters who react with this educational post. This study contributes to understanding the communication on social media platforms.

Abstract Free verse, with its unregulated lines, transcends language barriers, but its melody varies among different cultures. This study examines the adoption of free verse from the Western world into Arabic literary works, highlighting the obstacles and advancements encountered by Arab translators and poets. The study inspects the main qualities that differentiate English free verse from its Arabic counterpart. The study examines how the natural musicality of Arabic affects its treatment of free verse by analyzing the distinct functions of meter and rhyme. How does the lack of meter in English free verse contrast with the abundant rhythmic customs of Arabic poetry? The research also explores the historical background, comparing the earlier popularity of free verse in English with its later development in Arabic literature, while being aware of the traditional poetic legacy it aimed to transform. How did Arab poets combine the Western rebellious structure with the traditional Arabic poetry rhythm and rhyme? What changes did the poets make to imagery and sound devices to connect with Arab feelings and emotions? This study examines the pioneering work of Nazik Al-Mala'ika, Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, and T. S. Eliot’s influence in shaping Arabic free verse and its impact on modern Arabic literature.

Abstract This study investigates the different morphological patterns, syntactic structures and meanings of the versatile verbs “أتى” (to come) and “أخذ “ (to take). This study analyses these verbs linguistically providing a holistic view of the usage and versatility of these verbs within the Qur’anic texts. A qualitative approach is used to analyze data. This study aims to investigate the influence of the context on the morphological forms, the syntactic patterns and different meanings of these verbs. Furthermore, it aims to investigate how the translators transfer linguistic characteristics of these verbs into English. To achieve the aims of the study, the researcher adopts an eclectic model. accordingly, two verbs are chosen as the study sample. The main findings of this are as follow: firstly, the verb “اتى” is considered versatile in accordance to both its meanings and syntactic structures; that is, it has different meanings and different syntactic structures. The verb “أخذ” is considered versatile due to its meanings only, that is, it has different meanings with fixed syntactic structure (it is transitive in all the selected ’Ayahs). Secondly, all the different meanings are considered polysemous senses to the same selected roots. Thirdly, the context is the most effective factor that makes these verbs versatile. Finally, concerning the renderings of the selected Arabic verbs into the TL, it is concluded that sometimes translators have taken the context into account and have rendered some of these verbs into the equivalently TL. Some other times, they do not render these verbs equally.

Abstract
The current study delves into a significant topic, namely, the background knowledge impact that affects the quality of translation of the translated verses under study. It examines the extent to which the translators of the noble Quran intervene in the translation process with their ideological background. It is hypothesized that once the translator inculcates his background knowledge (whether religious or social ideology), the quality of the translation product is a result of managing rather than monitoring. Being the case so, they add, alter, or delete some lexical items while translating the Quran. Five verses along with four translations constitute the data of this study. After an insightful interpretation and analysis depending on the authentic books of exegesis, it became evident that some of the translations are managed by using ideologically biased words and phrases. Finally, it is highly recommended that these translations need to be revised in a way that reflects the intended meaning accurately and faithfully

Abstract Anticipation is a fundamental cognitive process in interpreting that enables interpreters to predict upcoming speech segments and facilitate the transfer of meaning between languages. This abstract explores the cognitive aspects of anticipation in interpreting and examines how artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance this process.
Drawing on research from cognitive psychology and interpreting studies, the abstract discusses the cognitive mechanisms involved in anticipation, including the role of working memory, attention, and language processing
It explores how interpreters utilize anticipation at different levels, such as lexical, syntactic, and semantic anticipation, to produce fluent and coherent interpretations. Furthermore, the abstract examines the potential of AI in supporting interpreters' anticipation skills. It discusses how AI technologies, such as machine learning and natural language processing, can analyze language patterns, predict upcoming speech segments, and provide real-time suggestions to interpreters. The integration of AI in interpreting can augment interpreters' anticipation abilities, improve accuracy, and enhance the overall interpreting experience. However, challenges such as the need for training AI models on diverse language pairs and the importance of maintaining the human interpreter's role and expertise should be considered. Understanding the cognitive aspects of anticipation in interpreting and the potential of AI can inform the development of AI-assisted interpreting tools and advance the field by optimizing the efficiency and quality of interpretation.

Abstract This paper examines George R.R. Martin’s series of epic fantasy sagas, A Song of Ice and Fire (hereinafter indicated as Ice and Fire). The books are A Game of Thrones, A Clash of Kings, A Storm of Swords, A Feast for Crows, A Dance with Dragons, The Winds of Winter, and A Dream of Spring. The paper aims to investigate the depictions of ethical, cultural, and social issues of disabled characters by redefining their cognitive capabilities and physiques in different cultural contexts that represent various literary conventions. Henceforth, the paper explores the disabled characters’ quest for identity and the ways in which Martin has thoroughly modified and recreated their image. The stereotype is that people with either physical or cognitive inferiority are emasculated or impotent, that having a disability is a sign of heavenly retribution, and that people with disabilities are outrageous or monstrous. These cultural fantasies all shaped the marginalisation of their identity. Therefore, the attention in this paper is paid explicitly to investigate how Martin’s characters are portrayed, exposed, suffered, and excluded by their ‘abled’ society. In addition, the emphasis is on how these characters have survived and reacted to the typical image set by the dominant society despite their diverse impairments. However, considering the popularity of Martin’s sagas and the fact that characters’ choices for their disabilities can scarcely be episodic, this paper endeavours to reverse the negative attitudes of society and build positive attitudes towards these individuals.

Abstract This study attempts to investigate the patterns of foregrounding in Rudyard Kipling and W.H. Davies’s selected poems. Somehow, it is difficult to differentiate between these two terms or concepts. The study aims to identify the function of foregrounding in the selected poems. It is divided into three sections. The first one deals with the aesthetic and theoretical frameworks through shedding light on the theories of Theodor W. Adorno and Pierre Zima in the aesthetic framework, while the theoretical one concentrates on the theories of Roger Fowler, Michael Riffaterre, Roman Jakobson, and Geoffrey N. Leech respectively. The second section tackles the application of foregrounding in the selected poems of Rudyard Kipling and W.H. Davies’s. Rudyard Kipling’s poems are selected from the collection entitled The Jungle Book whereas W. H. Davies’s poem Leisure and others are selected from his collection Foliage: Various Poems. Finally, the third section is allocated to the study findings.

Abstract This study is dedicated to investigate and detect the frequency and nature of morphological errors in the writing of EFL students at Iraqi universities. By analyzing data from 100 participants, the research has identified 66 morphological errors. The research has found that the most common issues involved the omission of plural markers and the verb inflections. These findings emphasize significant gaps in students' understanding and application of grammatical rules of word formation and agreement. The study at hand draws attention to the need for targeted grammar instruction, enhanced practice exercises, and effective feedback procedures to improve the morphological accuracy. It is also suggested that curriculum developers should focus on the integration of these elements into EFL education to enhance writing proficiency and clarity. The current research contributes to the field of EFL education in Iraq by providing practical insights and recommendations for improving language instruction and student achievements.

Abstract
 
Time is considered the true face of the universe and the world, as it expresses, through its continuous movement, survival, disappearance, and existence. It has been associated with philosophers with continuous movement and the change that this movement can bring to consciousness and ideas. It has also been linked to them with filling a space or place that gives it qualities and features that give us the ability to comprehend a quantity or The measure of this movement and these variables. The study of the novel is closely and permanently linked to narrative time, because this time is what gives the novel the features of its external appearance in general, and even adds to it those details that determine the appearance of the characters and even events within the fictional work in particular. This is what gives each novel its own style that distinguishes it from others. The style of time movement and its changes is clearly reflected in the stylistics of the characters within the literary work. Thus, we can say that the factor of time is one of the constant and most important foundations in determining the style of a novel or any other literary work.

Abstract This article is feedback from experience carried out together in two Jordanian universities with a view to making the best use of AI in French for foreigners’ classes. It presents several examples of courses and exams specially created with the support of Chat GPT, Gamma.IA, Magic School and more, tested in BA (Bachelor of Arts) literature classes at an expected B2 level. Then, with the help of some detailed sequences, it highlights the unlimited potential of these learning tools, in particular by showing how the mastery of AI and the creativity of teachers involve those of learners. Finally, it underlines the need to add to the use of AI in the university sphere strict ethical rules both on the side of teachers and on the side of students.

Abstract The landscape of language education is shifting dramatically, driven by the burgeoning presence of artificial intelligence (AI). Technology today is available everywhere and incorporated into many aspects of our lives at an impressive speed.
In this dynamic context, the post-method teacher emerges as a vital figure, not just delivering instruction, but actively adapting, collaborating, and evolving alongside AI tools. This paper delves into the intricate dance between human expertise and machine intelligence, exploring how post-method teachers can harness the power of AI to personalize learning, and augment reality. Post-method teachers can create dynamic and personalized learning experiences that prepare students for success This research was applied as a sample to 25 English professors from the Technical State University of Quevedo-Ecuador. Qualitative and quantitative methods were applied with the survey as a research instrument. data was analyzed and interpreted using a descriptive approach. The findings of the study showed that all the participants had a satisfactory understanding level of post-method pedagogy, however not all of them were confident in their ability to use AI. This paper invites us to envision a future where AI and human expertise synergistically enhance languag learning , empowering post-method teachers tonot just adapt, but actively shape the evolution of education in the AI age.

Abstract Depuis son apparition, qui remonte aux années cinquante du dernier siècle, l’intelligence artificielle (IA) est une question importante et controversée. Mais dans le même temps, elle a révolutionné de nombreux domaines de la recherche scientifique et humaine notamment celui de la langue et de la traduction. De plus, l’IA a réalisé des progrès remarquables en contribuant à la création de nouveaux horizons et possibilités dans la sphère de traduction automatique de divers textes, qui joue un rôle efficace pour faciliter en rapidité le processus de traduction et économiser du temps.En effet, traduire un texte d’une langue à une autre langue figure une tâche qui exige à la fois un bagage cognitif,

Abstract This study examines how digital drawing tools change experimental learning at Jadara University, focusing on design and visual communication. This research examines how novel digital sketching tools might improve students' learning experiences and results in an age of distant education. This mixed-methods research uses controlled experiments on 45 randomly chosen students in two groups: Group A, the control, and Group B, the experimental
The experimental group learns visual communication using modern digital sketching tools,
whereas the control group uses conventional techniques. Pre- and post-assessments gather quantitative data to analyze how digital drawing tools affect students' academic achievement. Surveys and interviews provide qualitative data on students' perspectives, involvement, and satisfaction with digital tool integration. This research demonstrates the substantial influence of digital drawings tools on experimental learning. It uses a mixed-methods approach to combine quantitative rigor with qualitative depth to examine how these tools affect design and visual communication pedagogy. The study findings are likely to help educators and institutions use digital sketching tools to improve applied subject training and redefine education.

Abstract This work is located at the confluence of two areas of research, NLP and CALL, which remained long separated, while their intersections have a field of interdisciplinary research very promising. We have proposed the TELA environment in the aim to offer teachers interactive tools to generate educational activities more diversified interesting
The integration of the techniques of NLP in the CALL offers CALL systems new capabilities of treatments that allow him to manipulate knowledge explicit and calculable, to interact with the learner.
The techniques NLP provide learning tools dynamics and the Methods of Evaluation of performance, they also allow to make evolve the learning methods and programs of teaching of the Arabic language

Abstract This critical analysis explores the intersection of technology and artificial intelligence (AI) in English literature, delving into the cultural, philosophical, and ethical implications of this theme. The study adopts a close reading approach, closely examining literary works that engage with technology and AI to uncover recurring themes, symbols, and motifs. Through comparative analysis, commonalities and differences in the portrayal of technology and AI are explored, shedding light on their cultural significance
Drawing on interdisciplinary perspectives from fields such as philosophy and cultural studies, the analysis delves into the philosophical inquiries raised by these literary works, including questions about human identity, consciousness, and morality. Ethical dimensions are also examined, addressing concerns around privacy, surveillance, and the social impact of technology and AI. Throughout the analysis, the study highlights the unique insights that literature offers in understanding the complex relationship between humanity and technology, inviting readers to reflect on the implications of technology and AI in their own lives. By critically analyzing these literary works, this study provides valuable insights into the cultural and philosophical implications of the intersection of technology and artificial intelligence in English literature.

Abstract The widespread application of digital technology has triggered profound changes in the field of education, promoting the innovation and transformation of the education model, and international organizations have deeply discussed and given creative suggestions on sensitive topics such as when and how artificial intelligence can be used in education
This paper focuses on the latest norms proposed by UNESCO, the OECD and the EU on the application of AI in education,
and compares and analyses them in four dimensions, namely, focusing on the perspective, actual influence, degree of innovation, and focusing on preventing risks. Lastly, the international organizations provide useful references and guidance for the specific field of "generative AI", which covering teacher training, educational content standardization, data protection and ethical concerns. The comparison of the education policy recommendations of the three international organizations aims to help governments sort out the similarities and differences between the starting points, concerns and goals of different international organizations, and then clarify the relevance and feasibility of their recommendations.

Abstract Depuis l’arrivée du générateur de textes Chat-GPT, ainsi que du producteur d’images iconique Dall-E par l’entreprise américaine Open AI fin 2022, début 2023, les opinions publiques du monde entier ont pris conscience que l’usage de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) marquera le début d’un phénomène disruptif dans la digitalisation des sociétés, voire d’un saut dans l’inconnu. Des assistants IA rédigent déjà nos courriers électriques, organisent nos agendas, nous accompagnent dans la gestion du quotidien

Abstract The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and technology is dramatically reshaping our world, impacting not only human lives but also the very nature of the social sciences. This paper explores the diverse and profound ways in which this technological revolution is bridging the gap between these formerly distinct realms.
Focusing on key statistics and data points, the paper begins by demonstrating the growing influence of AI and technology across various aspects of humanity.
These include the exponential rise in AI spending, the widespread adoption of intelligent machines in daily life, and the increasing number of individuals participating in the gig economy. Following this analysis, the paper delves into the transformation of the social sciences through the integration of AI tools and methods. It examines the growing number of social scientists utilizing AI in their research, the emergence of new research methods utilizing machine learning and natural language processing, and the evolving landscape of data collection and analysis in the social sciences. Moving beyond a purely descriptive approach, the paper then critically examines the implications of these interconnected trends. It highlights potential benefits such as enhanced research capabilities, improved efficiency, and deeper insights into human behavior. However, it also acknowledges the inherent challenges, including concerns about ethical considerations, potential for bias, and the need for responsible data governance. Finally, the paper proposes an integrated approach to navigating the future where AI and technology are seamlessly woven into the fabric of humanity and the social sciences. This vision emphasizes ongoing collaboration between diverse stakeholders, continuous exploration of the ethical implications, and the development of responsible frameworks for responsible innovation. By bridging the gap between AI, technology, and the social sciences, we can collectively shape a future where these powerful tools serve humanity's best interests and advance our understanding of ourselves and the world around us.

Abstract Artificial intelligence presents immense opportunities to transform the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region through advances in healthcare, environmental sustainability, economic inclusion, and more. However, the adoption of AI also poses risks if deployed unethically, as seen in biased facial recognition harming vulnerable populations. This paper analyzes AI’s potential while assessing core ethical challenges in the MENA context. It spotlights perspectives from regional experts on grounding AI governance in cultural values, exemplified by initiatives like the UAE’s AI ethics council. Proposed solutions include diversifying AI design teams, auditing for bias, and centering human needs in policymaking. Rather than resist progress, this talk empowers MENA nations to proactively shape an AI landscape that promotes human dignity, community, justice and participatory decision-making. Audiences will gain an understanding of strategies to realize AI’s benefits through an ethical lens. The aim is to provide practitioners and policymakers with an actionable framework to develop and regulate AI systems that align with regional values and elevate society

Abstract This research objective is to investigate the impact of emerging technology, mediated by emotional contagion, on the formation of civic engagement to develop a new conceptual framework for digital citizenship education that promotes critical thinking and emotional intelligence skills.
Design/Approach/methods
Through the utilization of documentary research methods and a critical review of existing literature, we undertook a comprehensive case study of the Egyptian and Tunisian movements within the context of the Arab "digital revolution" and elucidated the impact of social media and memes on civic engagement from the perspective of digital emotional contagion. Through synthesizing results, proffered solutions aimed at fortifying critical thinking and emotional intelligence within media education.
Finding
Emotional contagion permeates via social media and memes, have bolstered the collective emotions of citizens and provided an atmosphere in which silence or fear could be broken, potentially expediting civic movements. Critical thinking and emotional intelligence as essential prerequisites particularly for Generation Z individuals immersed in social media and meme culture to ensure responsible digital citizenship and constructive societal contributions is suggested.
Originality/Value
The study's outcomes contribute to an enhanced comprehension of the impact of new technology and digital emotional contagion on civic engagement. The methodological value of this study can be determined through the need to form critical thinking skills and develop emotional intelligence as key factors for effective consumption of media content and successful communication in the digital environment.

Abstract The widespread application of digital technology has triggered profound changes in the field of education, promoting the innovation and transformation of the education model, and international organizations have deeply discussed and given creative suggestions on sensitive topics such as when and how artificial intelligence can be used in education. This paper focuses on the latest norms proposed by UNESCO, the OECD and the EU on the application of AI in education,
and compares and analyses them in four dimensions, namely, focusing on the perspective, actual influence, degree of innovation, and focusing on preventing risks. Lastly, the international organizations provide useful references and guidance for the specific field of "generative AI", which covering teacher training, educational content standardization, data protection and ethical concerns. The comparison of the education policy recommendations of the three international organizations aims to help governments sort out the similarities and differences between the starting points, concerns and goals of different international organizations, and then clarify the relevance and feasibility of their recommendations.

Abstract This study interrogates otherworldliness and speculative figures in the representation of immediate social realities in Saadawi’s Love in the Kingdom of Oil. While a number of studies exist on the novel, they neglect Saadawi’s use of otherworldliness and speculative figures to express gender disparities in settings pervaded with religious fundamentalism. The modernist novel has the propensity to address existing realities of life with scientific exactitude, and readers either find it difficult to understand works within the bounds of speculative fiction or contemptuously dismiss them as mere fantasy.
Some modernist critics describe works by speculative fiction writers as so utterly fantastic that they do not address realities of life.This analytical study was carried out on an African novel to cross-examine the effect of otherworldliness and postmodernist forms on exploration of social realities in African fiction. Three novels by African writers (both pioneer and contemporary) were read. Saadawi’s Love in the Kingdom of Oil was purposively sampled because it is more fervent about speculative figures. The study adopted a qualitative narrative analysis design. Data from secondary sources enabled the theoretical comprehension and qualitative analysis of primary texts. The study proceeded through close textual reading of the primary and secondary texts, while Atwood’s version of speculative fiction served as a theoretical base for interpretation. It was found that rather than express wanton fantasy, some writers in the Global South employ speculative figures and otherworldliness to explore socio-political realities in their settings.

Abstract Wordplay is a literary technique and a form of wit in which words used become the main subject of the work, primarily for the purpose of intended effect or amusement (Green: 1991). As for Sheriden ((1998) states that wordplay is the activity of joking about the meanings of words especially in an intelligent way. According to Oxford Dictionary, it is also called play on words which means the witty and cleaver use of words. It uses technical and literary devices like spelling, rhyme, pun, slang, idiom, and acronym. It is quite common in cultures as a method of reinforcing meaning. Wordplay was found in languages with or without alphabet based scripts such as homophonic puns in Mandarin Chinese
As for Salingar (1976) states that wordplay includes polysemy and it is the ability to evoke the ambiguity. He adds that wordplay is variant repetition that requires the similarity of sound and variation which means the different meanings of words with the same sound. Kabergs and Ausloos (2012) states that wordplay is “a specific play and a reciprocal interaction between sound patterns brought up by the variation in morphological structures, on the one hand, and meaning defined by the use of a word in a specific literary context on the other hand. They emphasize that “wordplay can only fulfill its function within the literary context when there is an interaction between sound and meaning.The main problem is that without the understanding the meaning of the utterance, one can’t get the appropriate intention of the speaker which will lead to ambiguity.

Abstract هدف البحث إلى تصميم برنامج تدريبي لمدرسي مادة التربية الإسلامية عَلَىٰ وفق أبعاد التنمية المستدامة، ومن ثم التعرف عَلَىٰ أثره في تنمية القيم الإجتماعية والتنور البيئي لدى طلبتهم. تكونت عينة البحث من (15) مدرساً ومدرسةً للتربية الإسلامية الذين أخضعوا للبرنامج التدريبي فضلاً عن طلبتهم من طلبة الصف الرابع الأدبي البالغ عددهم (66) طالباً وطالبةً بواقع (31) طالباً،(35) طالبةً، قسموا إلى (4) مجموعات متكافئة في عدد من المتغيرات، اثنتان منها تجريبيتان (من الذكور والإناث) درسا المادة من مُدَرِّسَيْهِمْ اللذَيْنِ شاركا في البرنامج التدريبي، وضابطتان (من الذكور والإناث) درسا المادة عَلَىٰ وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية. ولتحقيق هدف البحث أعد الباحث اختبارين: الأول للقيم الإجتماعية تكون من (28) فقرةً، والثاني للتنور البيئي تكون من (27) فقرةً موضوعيةً رباعية البدائل، واتسمت الأداتان بالصدق والثبات. بعد ذلك نفذ الباحث تجربته عَلَىٰ مرحلتين: الأولى من قِبَلِهِ، والثانية من المدرسين الذين شاركوا في البرنامج، بعد ذلك طبق الباحث الأداتين بعدياً، وجمع البيانات وحللها احصائيا باستعمال الاختبار الفائي ثنائي الاتجاه، ودلت النتائج على ما يأتي:
1-يوجد فرقٌ ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين متوسطي تنمية القيم الإجتماعية (لدى أفراد مجموعات البحث الأربع) تبعاً لمتغيري الطريقة وتفاعلها مع الجنس.
2-لا يوجد فرقٌ ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين متوسطي تنمية التنور البيئي (لدى أفراد مجموعات البحث الأربع ) تبعا لمتغيري الجنس والطريقة والتفاعل بينها، والنتيجة نفسها عند متغير الجنس للقيم الإجتماعية.
وفي ضوء النتائج خرج الباحث بعدد من الاستنتاجات، فضلاً عن تقديم جملةٍ من التوصيات، مع اقتراح عددٍ من العنوانات لبحوثٍ مستقبليةٍ.
الكلمات المفتاحية: برنامج تدريبي – التنمية المستدامة – القيم الاجتماعية – التنور البيئي

Abstract With the passing of time, the Prophetic statement becomes a treasure trove, and with the exchange of the two moons it continues to be productive. It nourishes alert minds, educates, saves hearts from darkness by illuminating, adds a reference to researchers in all sciences, and benefits students in all arts as a source that specializes in detailing what is in the hidden Book as a whole, and excels in guiding the weighty to the path is clear and detailed, he excels in directing both genders towards the happiness of both worlds as a teacher, and he analyzes matters throughout the ages in an eloquent and eloquent manner. How wonderful is the revelation, perception, vigilance, skill, awareness, guidance, admonition, and wisdom that the Prophetic hadith broadcasts and confirms, as it possesses the pearls of truths and the ambiguities of methods with precision and flexibility. The importance of dealing with this topic preserves the queen’s intelligence, tact, and elegance, because of the fruits of opinion and revelation that lie in its corner, such as creativity, clarification, eloquence, and skill in structure and function, as the Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him-tells the men of the believers about matters of the feminist gender that are dangerous in morals and character. To prepare the rhetoric, mental, sense and intellectual level through reforming the Islamic human society alike,

Abstract ينهض هذا البحث على تسريد المهمّش في الرواية العربية الزنجية، بوصفه قضية محورية، تسلّط الضوء على منطقة حالكة ومظلمة من حياة الإنسان، فـ(الزنوجة) موضوعةً عميقة ومرتبطة بالهامس، وتعبّر عن "التابو/ المحرّم" الذي خيّم على ثقافة الإنسان الأبيض. إذ ارتبطت بوصفها متغيّرا من المتغيرات الموضوعاتية ارتبطا وثيقا بتحولات الأجناس السردية التي عرفها الغرب، بعدما انتقلت رياح التغيير إلى العالم العربي في شكلين أساسيين للسرد الحديث، هما، الرواية والقصة القصيرة، للتعبير عن الحياة الجديدة، فعبّر سرد الحداثة وسرد ما بعد الحداثة عن الهامش، ولكن برؤية مختلفة.
وهذا الارتباط بين السرد والموضوعات الإشكالية القلقة والمهَمّشة، تمليه طبيعة الانفتاح على الحياة والفكر والمعرفة والفنون والثقافة والأجناس الأُخر. فالسرد ذو طبيعة مرنة أو زئبقية، يجعل من حدوده ما يتسع للحياة بأكملها.
الكلمات المفتاحية: تحولات الاجناس السردية، تسريد الفضاء الهامشي، تمثلات الزنوجة في الرواية العربية، المسرود الروائي الزنجي.
تحولات الاجناس السردية، تسريد الفضاء الهامشي، تمثلات الزنوجة في الرواية العربية، المسرود الروائي الزنجي

Abstract تدل المبالغة في السياق اللغوي على الايصال والتبليغ، و الجهد والاجتهاد في الوصول إلى الأمر المطلوب. أما اصطلاحا فتتفاوت المبالغة على وفق مستويين من الوصف، المستوى الأول مراعاة قوة الوصف والافراط فيه، حيث دلت على الافراط في الصفة الى حد الإغراق ومجاوزة الحد. أما المستوى الثاني لمفهوم المبالغة فهو مراعاة تراتبية الوصف في الادراك وتصوره في الذهن ويقصد بها الزيادة الظاهرة في الوصف بين درجات القوة والضعف من جهة الادراك والتصور لدى المتلقي على ثلاثة مستويات: التبليغ، والإغراق، والغلو. وتتضايف المبالغة مع شعرية الوصف، حيث تعد المبالغة خرقا للمعقول في التصورات الذهنية لدى المتلقي، و الانزياح يعد خرقا لقانون اللغة وخروجا عن المألوف في الصور البلاغية التي تتضمن التشبيه والاستعارة وغيرها من الاساليب التي تستخدمها المبالغة كوسيلة لإنتاج الصورة، فما المبالغة إلا انزياح يمكن أن يندرج ضمن مفهوم الشعرية.وتضمنت رواية نبض محاور وصفية جسدت شعرية المبالغة في وظيفة الوصف الزخرفية والتفسيرية،
ففي الوصف الزخرفي تُعنى المبالغة بإخراج الموصوفات عن مألوفيته، أو تعمد الى التوضيح والإبانة لإزالة الغموض عنها. أما في الوصف التفسيري تُعنى شعرية المبالغة بالتعبير عن مكنون الذات الواصفة من خلال الشخصية.
الكلمات المفتاحية: شعرية المبالغة – الانزياح - الوصف الزخرفي – الوصف التفسيري.

Abstract يمثل الفضاء الحكائي في الروايــة، ملمحا مهمـا في الدراســات السرديــة عموما والروائيــة على وجه الخصوص، فلا أحداث ولا شخصيات يمكن أن تؤدي أدوارهــا في الفراغ أو اللامكان، ومن هنا تأتي أهميــة المكان بوصفه عنصرا مهما من العناصر المكونــة للرواية. وعلــى الرغــم من الأهميــة لعنصر المكان في الحكي إلا أن الدراسات السردية لم تتفق حول مصطلح محدد للمكان فاختلف النقاد حول أي هذه المصطلحات هو الأشمل في الدلالة (الفضاء، الحيز، المكان). وسعيا منا لكشف تمظهـرات هذا المكون الأساسي،فـي روايـة (مدن السور) لهالـة البدري، ارتأينـا الانطلاق مـن الاشكاليات المحيطـة بهذا العنـصر المهم. ثم تعرضنــا لتمظهراته في الرواية انطلاقــا من علاقته بالشخصية الروائيـة، إذ تصور الرواية الفضاء علــى نحو ما تراه الشخصية، وهذا يؤكد دوره الفعال في تقديم الشخصية والتعريف بها على مستوى البناء والدلالــة.

Abstract في هذا البحث سوف نسلط الضوء على الزمان الاسري عند الشاعر محمد البريكي، ومدى قدرة الشاعر على استحضار الاحداث الاسرية على مر الزمان الماضي، سنلاحظ أن الشاعر يجسد موضوع الزمان في شعره من خلال نظرة حنين حارة تلح عليه ذاكرته وتشكو من فقدانه وتتمنى اعادة حضوره في اللحظة الحاضرة، حيث يمثل الزمان ركيزة أساسية من ركائز الذاكرة الأسرية إذ يسعى الشاعر الى بلورة الاحداث من خلال تذكرها وتوظيفها داخل نصوص شعرية يستطيع من خلال تلك النصوص أن يعبر عن الحالة التي كان يمر بها في الزمان الماضي، عاكساً دور الأسرة في تلك الفترة من الزمان، من خلال ما تجود به قريحة الشاعر من قصائد وأبيات شعرية.

Abstract Cognitive Linguistics is a branch of linguistics that combines knowledge and research from cognitive science, psychology, neuropsychology, and linguistics, the theoretical and models of cognitive linguistics are purely psychological, in cognitive linguistic research aims to contribute to the general understanding of cognition and is seen as a path to the human mind. foundation of cognitive linguistics lies in Noam Chomsky's 1959 critical examination of B. F. Skinner's Speech Behavior. Chomsky considered linguistics as a branch of cognitive science in the 1970s but called his model transformational or generative grammar. However, the emergence of cognitive linguistics was linked to the work of a number of linguists who were interested in researching the relationship between language and mind and who deviated from the prevailing trend during the seventies of the last century in explaining linguistic patterns because that trend was satisfied with studying the structural characteristics of language. Therefore, cognitive linguists focused on the relationship between the structure of language and things outside of it, and their focus on that relationship was behind refuting the claim that the syntax component is separate from the other components of language and is governed by its own principles. Among the most influential works in this cognitive trend are the studies of Gilles Fauconnier, Ray Jakendoff, Charles Fillmore, George Lakoff, and Ronald Langacker. Each of them worked on developing his own approach to describing language by focusing on a specific device. Cognitive linguistics is not a closed theory. Rather, it is an open theory that gains its strength and coherence from its openness to many sciences, including: psychology, anthropology, computer science, educational sciences, and others. On that basis this paper tends to highlight on the concept of cognitive linguistic, its emergence and development, as well as the contributions of western linguists on the subject matter, the researcher used descriptive research design.

Abstract The image is considered an artistic criterion in evaluating poetry and its use because it reveals the reality of the poet and his talents, and the image was represented in the poetry of Ibn Zaylaq al-Mawsili as the essential artistic means for conveying temptation as well as the surprise and admiration it performs, so the poem is a clear-cut image or a group of integrated images to convey special feelings and events which is located in the vicinity of the poet, Therefore, this research came to study the image in the poetry of Ibn Zaylaq al-Mawsili by analyzing it according to the ancient rhetorical and modern critical criteria to reveal the aesthetic and artistic values and to derive the indications that it generated.The research was based on an introduction and two sections, the introduction included defining the concept of the poetic image, and the first topic was devoted to studying (the poetic image according to the old rhetorical standard) in terms of: the simile image, the metaphorical image, and the metaphorical image, while the second topic dealt with the study of (the poetic image according to the standard Modern Criticism) in terms of: the still image/ the dynamic image, the partial image/ the overall image, and the simple image/ the composite image

Abstract الحمد لله رب العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على خاتم الأنبياء والمرسلين سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه ومن تبعهم بإحسان إلى يوم الدين. وبعد:
فإنّ الطبيعة البشرية تأبى الاستقرار والثبات وتسعى دائما وراء التجديد و التغيير و لعل مفهوم الحداثة لا يخرج عن هذا الإطار، فإذا كان حلم الإنسان في وقت مضى هو صنع الكيان من خلال المحاكاة والتقليد ، فالحداثة أوجدت إنسانا لا يثق في غير قدراته و لا يدين بالولاء لأحد، تلك كانت نتيجة طبيعية لسيطرة الأفكار التنويرية بعد أن تصدر العلم كل المجالات مخلفا وراءه الجهل، كرمز للتخلف ومأساة البشرية ، بربط الجهل بكل القوانين الظالمة التي حرمت الإنسان من أبسط حقوقه، ولعل ما أعطى للحداثة ذلك المفهوم المثالي هو ارتباطها بالعلم والحرية و العقل وهي المبادئ التي قادت العالم إلى بر الأمان، وبعدها استثمرت الأفكار الحداثية في كل المجالات وكان من بينها الأدب ، إذ سرعان ما حرق نظام القصيدة العمودية وأخذ بيد النقد إلى عالم أكثر حركية، فكانت الحداثة في الشعر و النقد نقلة نوعية أسدلت الستار على فترة تاريخية ماضية، و أعلنت عن ميلاد عصر آخر، فكان هذا كافيا لتتصدر الحداثة كل موضوع ، فضلا عن كونها تتوافق مع التفكير الجديد الذي ما لبث أن سيطر على الإنسان المعاصر. قام البحث على ستة محاور، تناول المحور الأول دراسة مفهوم الحداثة في اللغة والاصطلاح، وتناول المحور الثاني دراسة جذور الحداثة، وتناول المحور الثالث دراسة الحداثة عند (بودلير)، وخص المحور الرابع لدراسة الحداثة عند (رامبو)، وتضمن المحور الخامس دراسة الحداثة عند (مالارميه)، في حين خص المبحث السادس لدراسة الحداثة عند (إليوت).